Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku)
In Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku), Allah Taala explains that everything on Earth will expire, and the only one that will remain forever will be Allah Almighty. Moreover, Allah Taala explains in this ruku the horrible scenes of the Day of Judgment. Besides this, in Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku) the horrible faces of non-believers were also discussed.
Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku):
.{Everyone on Earth will expire, and your Lord’s face will remain forever, full of majesty, full of honor, So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|26|, 55|27|, 55|28|}
55|26|كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ
55|27|وَيَبْقَىٰ وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ
55|28|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
62. ہر کوئی جو بھی زمین پر ہے فنا ہو جانے والا ہے
72. اور آپ کے رب ہی کی ذات باقی رہے گی جو صاحبِ عظمت و جلال اور صاحبِ انعام و اکرام ہے
82. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
Allah Taala explains in these ayahs that everything will perish except Her. Both man and jinn will face decay and death because these two species have been addressed in this surah. This does not infer that heaven and other heavenly beings are not perishable because at another place Allah said that ‘Everything is going to perish except His Face’.
In 28 ayat of Surah Ar-Rahman Allah Taala reminds His blessings again and again to the humans.
{All those on the heaven and the earth plead with him, Every day he brings about a task, So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|29|, 55|30|}
55|29|يَسْأَلُهُ مَن فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ فِي شَأْنٍ
55|30|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
92. سب اسی سے مانگتے ہیں جو بھی آسمانوں اور زمین میں ہیں۔ وہ ہر آن نئی شان میں ہوتا ہے
03. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
The verse indicates that every living being relies on Allah, whether they realize it or not. Creatures on Earth ask for things like food, health, and happiness in this life, and forgiveness, mercy, and paradise in the next. Even celestial beings, who don’t need physical nourishment, still depend on Allah’s kindness and forgiveness. Allah’s mercy and blessings are always present, supporting all creatures, everywhere.
Allah Taala’s qualities are endless and show up in many different ways. He gives life to some and lets others pass away. He lifts some people and brings others down.
Allah helps those facing difficulties, brings joy to the sorrowful, listens to prayers, forgives sins, and rewards repentant souls with paradise. He empowers some while humbling others. In short, every aspect of Allah’s nature is expressed in various ways. Again in the 30th ayat, Allah Taala repeats the same verse to remind His countless blessings on His creature.
Day of Judgment:
{Soon we will attend you, O two species, So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|31|, 55|32|}
55|31|سَنَفْرُغُ لَكُمْ أَيُّهَ الثَّقَلَانِ
55|32|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
13. اے ہر دو گروہانِ (اِنس و جِن!) ہم عنقریب تمہارے حساب کی طرف متوّجہ ہوتے ہیں
23. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
The term ‘Thaqlain’ refers to the two notable and valuable creations. Those two particular creations of Allah are Jinn and Human Beings. They are considered the most valuable creation on this Earth.
The verse “sanafrughu [ We are going to spare Ourselves for you…]” means that on Judgment Day, all requests, their approval, and actions taken based on them will cease. The only thing that will remain is the assessment of deeds and the fair judgment of everyone’s actions.
We should always keep in mind that there will be a day when we all will be in front of Allah Pak and then we have to describe all our doings, In fact, Allah Taala will give our doings in a booklet in our hands. If we were on the right path then this booklet would be given in our right hand but if we were on the wrong path then this book would be given in our left hand.
{O species of human and jinn, if you can pass through the layers of heaven and earth then pass, but you will never be able to pass it except Allah’s will. So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|33|, 55|34|}
55|33|يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنسِ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَن تَنفُذُوا مِنْ أَقْطَارِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ فَانفُذُوا ۚ لَا تَنفُذُونَ إِلَّا بِسُلْطَانٍ
55|34|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
33. اے گروہِ جن و اِنس! اگر تم اِس بات پر قدرت رکھتے ہو کہ آسمانوں اور زمین کے کناروں سے باہر نکل سکو (اور تسخیرِ کائنات کرو) تو تم نکل جاؤ، تم جس (کرّۂ سماوی کے)
مقام پر بھی نکل کر جاؤ گے وہاں بھی اسی کی سلطنت ہوگی
43. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
In the previous verse, the Jinn and mankind were referred to as weighty entities and were cautioned that their actions would be examined, with each one receiving either rewards or punishments. The current verse emphasizes that nobody can avoid death or evade being present on the Day of Judgment to answer for their actions.
If the verse mentions “penetrating through the heavens and the earth” as a means to avoid death, it’s talking about this world. It means that no person or Jinn has the power to escape death by traveling beyond the limits of the heavens and the earth. This is based on human understanding.
However, nobody is beyond the control of Allah, even if they could cross these boundaries. Where were we going that we could hide ourselves from doing bad things, Allah Taala would see us. We cannot hide ourselves from the eyes of Allah.
If “escaping accountability on the Day of Reckoning” is what’s meant by “penetrating through the heavens and the earth,” then the verse highlights the impossibility of such an escape. According to other verses in the Qur’an and traditional narratives, on Judgment Day, the sky will split open, angels will surround the earth, and people will be confined.
Both Jinn and humans will experience the terrors of Judgment Day and try to flee in different directions. But no matter where they go, angels will block their escape routes, as Allah has fortified all areas to prevent anyone from avoiding accountability. Now Allah pak again reminds His rewards and gift in 34 ayat.
{There will be sent against you both, flames of fire and molten copper and you will not be able to defend yourself. Then which of your Lord’s blessings will you both reject? When the heaven will divide, how horrible will it be, becoming rose-red like burnt oil. So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|35|, 55|36|, 55|37|, 55|38|}
55|35|يُرْسَلُ عَلَيْكُمَا شُوَاظٌ مِّن نَّارٍ وَنُحَاسٌ فَلَا تَنتَصِرَانِ
55|36|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
55|37|فَإِذَا انشَقَّتِ السَّمَاءُ فَكَانَتْ وَرْدَةً كَالدِّهَانِ
55|38|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
53. تم دونوں پر آگ کے خالص شعلے بھیج دیئے جائیں گے اور (بغیر شعلوں کے) دھواں (بھی بھیجا جائے گا) اور تم دونوں اِن سے بچ نہ سکو گے
63. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
73. پھر جب آسمان پھٹ جائے گا اور جلے ہوئے تیل (یا سرخ چمڑے) کی طرح گلابی ہوجائے گا
83. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
In Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku) the verse mentions “shuwaz,” meaning flame or fire without smoke, and “nuhas,” meaning smoke without flame. It addresses Jinn and mankind, describing how fire and smoke will be used against them. It could mean that after the judgment, disbelievers sent to Hell will face two different punishments. Some places will have only fire and flame, while others will have only smoke and no fire.
Some interpreters see this verse as a continuation of the previous one, warning that on Judgment Day, no one can escape the heavens’ boundaries. If they try, angels, including those guarding Hell, will use fire and smoke to bring them back. The phrase “fala-tantasiran” means that neither Jinn nor mankind can help each other against Divine punishment, no matter how hard they try. Allah Taala saves us from the horrible fire of Jahanam.
{On that day, humans and jinn won’t need to be questioned about their sins. So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|39|, 55|40|}
55|39|فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَّا يُسْأَلُ عَن ذَنبِهِ إِنسٌ وَلَا جَانٌّ
55|40|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
93. سو اُس دن نہ تو کسی انسان سے اُس کے گناہ کی بابت پوچھا جائے گا اور نہ ہی کسی جِن سے
04. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
One way to understand this verse is that people won’t be asked if they committed sins because the angels have already recorded their deeds, and Allah knows everything beforehand. Instead, they’ll be asked why they committed those sins. This is how Ibn Abbas explains it.
Mujahid explained it differently: the angels won’t need to ask if they sinned because the marks of their sins will be visible on their faces, and the angels will know which sins they committed. A combination of both interpretations suggests that after people are judged and sentenced to Hell, there won’t be further questioning about their sins. Their faces will reveal their sins, and they’ll be sent to Hell accordingly.
Qatadah suggests that after being questioned and refusing to admit their sins, their mouths and tongues will be sealed, and their body parts will be asked to testify. At that point, there won’t be any more questioning. Ibn Kathir mentions all three interpretations, noting their similarities and lack of conflict.
Description of Non-Believers In Jahanam:
{The evil will be realized by their look and they will be seized by their forelocks and feet. So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? This is the Hel which the evils denied. They will go between its flames and extremely hot water. So, which of your Lord’s blessings will you reject? 55|41|, 55|42|, 55|43|, 55|44|, 55|45|}
55|41|يُعْرَفُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ بِسِيمَاهُمْ فَيُؤْخَذُ بِالنَّوَاصِي وَالْأَقْدَامِ
55|42|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
55|43|هَـٰذِهِ جَهَنَّمُ الَّتِي يُكَذِّبُ بِهَا الْمُجْرِمُونَ
55|44|يَطُوفُونَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ حَمِيمٍ آنٍ
55|45|فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ
14. مجرِم لوگ اپنے چہروں کی سیاہی سے پہچان لئے جائیں گے پس انہیں پیشانی کے بالوں اور پاؤں سے پکڑ کر کھینچا جائے گا
24. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
34. (اُن سے کہا جائے گا:) یہی ہے وہ دوزخ جسے مجرِم لوگ جھٹلایا کرتے تھے
44. وہ اُس (دوزخ) میں اور کھولتے گرم پانی میں گھومتے پھریں گے
54. پس تم دونوں اپنے رب کی کن کن نعمتوں کو جھٹلاؤ گے
Please Also Read: Ruku (1)
In Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku), The word “sima” means a sign. According to Hasan Basri, on the day when the guilty are sentenced to Hell, their signs will be their dark faces, blue eyes, and pale expressions due to grief. The angels will recognize them by these signs and seize them.
The word “nawasi” refers to the forelock. Some will be dragged by their forelocks, while others will be dragged by their feet. Alternatively, they may be dragged by their forelocks at times and by their feet at others. Another explanation could be that the angels of punishment will bend their foreheads down to their feet, tie their forelocks to their feet, and then throw them into the Hellfire.
Conclusion of Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku):
In Surah Ar-Rahman Tafseer (02 Ruku) Allah Taala explains the horrible scenes of Qayamat, and how the sky will become pink color like hot coal. The non-believers will take to the Jahnam. Allah Taala saved all of us from the fire of Hell.
